Thyroid cancer PDX models, or patient-derived xenograft models, serve as a crucial resource in advancing research and treatment strategies for thyroid cancer. By engrafting human thyroid cancer tissues into immunodeficient mice, these models preserve the complex histological and genetic characteristics of the patient's original tumor. This makes thyroid cancer PDX models highly valuable for exploring tumor biology and testing the efficacy of new therapeutic approaches in a setting that closely replicates human disease. Researchers utilize these models to study tumor growth dynamics, evaluate the potential of novel targeted therapies, and understand mechanisms underlying drug resistance. Ultimately, thyroid cancer PDX models contribute significantly to personalized medicine efforts, helping to tailor treatment strategies based on individual tumor profiles and improving clinical outcomes for patients with thyroid cancer. Through continued development and application, these models hold the promise of leading to breakthroughs in the management and understanding of thyroid cancer.